The Secret to Creation Essay Example for Free

The Secret to Creation Essay The popular virtuoso, researcher, and life researcher Victor Frankenstein as of now passed on soon after he was protected by Captain Robert Walton in North Pole. The remaining parts of Dr. Frankenstein lie at his wake inside the boat of Capt. Walton. It is accounted for that during the wake of the celebrated life researcher, an animal was seen by Capt. Walton. The said animal is accepted to be made by Dr. Frankenstein himself as a push to find the mystery of formation of living things. The animal is greenish in shading, eight-feet tall, looks like the element of a human, however is very terrible in appearance. It told Capt. Walton of the regret and isolation that he felt upon his creator’s passing. The beast went toward the North Pole and intended to slaughter himself in light of the fact that, as per him, he is of no worth any longer. Capt. Walton retold Dr. Frankenstein’s record to the neighborhood agent and confirmed that the guilty party in the past homicides that occurred in the Frankenstein’s family is the beast Family name 2 itself. The passing of Dr. Frankenstein’s sibling, William Frankenstein,in Geneva, the demise of Dr. Frankenstein’s closest companion, Henry Clerval, and the passing of Elizabeth Frankenstein, spouse of Dr. Frankenstein, are finished by the beast severely towards his maker. In view of the passings of his friends and family, Dr. Frankenstein followed the beast that he made to get his retribution. Be that as it may, Dr. Frankenstein was caught in the skimming ice sheet where he was saved by Capt. Walton. Dr. Frankenstein grew up at Geneva and considered regular way of thinking and science at Ingoldstadt University. He sought after on exploring the mystery of life and was effective in discovering how the primary component that offers life to an individual. He finished his exploration by making a beast in his condo one night. Sadly, Dr. Frankenstein wasn’t ready to pass the information about the mystery of life that he found. Upon his passing, this mystery will be covered with him and will keep on being a puzzle in mankind.

Drought Causes, Stages, and Problems

Dry spell Causes, Stages, and Problems Consistently as summer draws near, regions around the globe develop worried about regular dry season. All through the winter, numerous spots screen precipitation and the snowpack to plan for what the hotter, drier months may bring. Likewise, there are territories where dry season is a normal year to year event that keeps going longer than simply the late spring. From hot deserts to the freezing posts, dry spell is something that influences plants, creatures, and individuals around the world. What Is a Drought? Dry spell is characterized as a period wherein an area has a shortage in its water flexibly. Dry spell is an ordinary element of atmosphere which occurs in all atmosphere zones every once in a while. For the most part, dry season is discussed in one of two points of view meteorological and hydrological. A dry spell as far as meteorology considers inadequacies in estimated precipitation. Every year estimations are then contrasted with what is resolved as a typical measure of precipitation and dry season is resolved from that point. For hydrologists, dry spells are observed by checking stream and lake, supply, and spring water levels. Precipitation is likewise thought to be here as it adds to the water levels. Also, there are horticultural dry seasons that can affect crop creation and cause changes to the common circulation of different species. The homesteads themselves can likewise make dry seasons occur as the dirt is drained and along these lines can't assimilate as much water, however they can be affected by normal dry spells too. Causes Since dry season is characterized as a shortfall in water flexibly, it very well may be brought about by various variables. The most significant one however identifies with the measure of water fume in the environment as this is the thing that makes precipitation. More downpour, slush, hail, and snow can happen where there are damp, low-pressure air frameworks. On the off chance that there is a better than expected nearness of dry, high-pressure air frameworks rather, less dampness is accessible to create precipitation (on the grounds that these frameworks can't hold as much water fume). This outcomes in a shortfall of water for the zones over which they move. The equivalent can likewise happen when winds move air masses and warm, dry, mainland air moves over a territory instead of cooler, soggy, maritime air masses. El Nino, which influences the seas water temperature, additionally affects precipitation levels on the grounds that, in years when the temperature cycle is available, it can move the air masses over the sea, frequently making wet spots (dry season inclined) and dry spots wet. At last, deforestation for agribusiness as well as building joined with the resultant disintegration can likewise make dry spell start on the grounds that as the dirt is moved away from a region it is less ready to assimilate dampness when it falls. Phases of Drought Since numerous zones, paying little mind to their climatic area, are inclined to dry spell, various meanings of the phases of dry season have created. They are for the most part fairly comparative, be that as it may, typically extending from a dry season cautioning or watch, which is the least extreme. This stage is pronounced when a dry spell could be drawing nearer. The following stages are for the most part called dry spell crisis, debacle, or basic dry season stage. This last stage starts after a dry spell has happened for an extensive stretch and water sources start to be exhausted. During this stage, open water use is restricted and as a rule dry season calamity plans are instituted. Short and Long Term Consequences Despite a dry seasons stage, there are short and long haul results with any dry season as a result of nature and societys reliance on water. Issues related with dry spell can have financial, natural, and social effects on both the territories where they happen and regions that have relations with those where the dry season occurs. The greater part of the financial effects of dry season are related with horticulture and the salary created from crops. In the midst of dry season, the absence of water can regularly cause a decrease in crop yields, and therefore a decrease in salary for ranchers and an expansion in the market cost of items since there is less to go around. In a delayed dry season, joblessness of ranchers and even retailers can happen, significantly affecting the economy of the zone and those with financial connections to it. As far as ecological issues, dry season can bring about creepy crawly invasions and plant illnesses, expanded disintegration, living space and scene debasement, a diminishing in air quality and that of what water is available, just as an expanded danger of fire in view of drier vegetation. In momentary dry spells, regular habitats can frequently bounce back, yet when there are long haul dry seasons, plant and creature species can endure hugely, and after some time desertification can occur with an outrageous absence of dampness. At long last, dry seasons have social effects that can cause debates between clients of accessible water, imbalances in water dissemination among well off and poor, variations in zones needing debacle help, and a decrease in wellbeing. What's more, in provincial creating nations populace relocation can start when one territory encounters dry spell on the grounds that regularly individuals will go to regions where water and its advantages are increasingly predominant. This at that point drains the regular assets of the new region, can make clashes among neighboring populaces and removes laborers from the first zone. After some time, expanded destitution and social agitation are probably going to create. Dry spell Mitigation Measures Since extreme dry spell is regularly delayed in its turn of events, it is generally simple to tell when one is coming and in territories that are proficient, there are a few relief quantifies that can be utilized to diminish the effects felt by dry spell. The most significant strides in decreasing the impacts of dry season however are soil and water preservation. By ensuring soil, it is better ready to assimilate precipitation, yet it can likewise assist ranchers with using less water since it is retained and not as much run off. It additionally makes less water contamination by the pesticides and manures present in most homestead overflow. In water preservation, open use is regularly directed. This for the most part incorporates watering yards, washing vehicles and open air apparatuses, for example, porch tables, and pools. Urban areas, for example, Phoenix, Arizona, and Las Vegas, Nevada have likewise executed the utilization of xeriscape finishing to decrease the need to water outside plants in dry situations. What's more, Water preservation gadgets like low-stream toilets, shower heads, and clothes washers can be required for use inside the home. At long last, desalination of seawater, water reusing, and water gathering are everything that are at present being worked on to expand on existing water supplies and further diminish the effects of dry season in dry atmospheres. Whatever technique is utilized, be that as it may, broad checking of precipitation and water use are the most ideal approach to get ready for a dry spell, educate people in general on the issue, and actualize preservation procedures.

How Teen Self-Esteem Influences Risky Sexual Behavior

How Teen Self-Esteem Influences Risky Sexual Behavior Depression Childhood Depression Print How Self-Esteem Influences Risky Sexual Behavior in Teens By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Updated on February 04, 2020 Hero Images / Getty Images More in Depression Childhood Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Suicide According to a report by the National Center for Health Statistics, more than half of all teenagers in the U.S. have had sex by the time they reach age 18.?? Unfortunately, teens may lack the maturity and emotional resources to properly manage sexual relationships. It is not uncommon for teens to engage in risky sexual behaviors such as lack of protection or multiple sexual partners. The CDC reports that half of all newly reported STDs occur in young people between the ages of 15 and 24 and that nearly half of all sexually active high schoolers did not use condoms the last time they had sex.?? Unprotected sex significantly increases the risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or experiencing an unintended pregnancy. Research suggests that self-esteem is an important factor in determining whether teens are sexually active, but the effect is different between girls and boys. Teen Sex and Self-Esteem A number of studies have found a connection between self-esteem and teen sexual activity. For example, one early study found that girls who reported being sexually active had lower scores on measures of self-esteem.?? What the results did not indicate, however, is whether self-esteem was the cause or a consequence of sex. One study found that self-esteem had differing effects on sexual behaviors in teen boys and girls:   Younger girls with lower self-esteem are more likely to engage in sexual activity.Teen boys with low self-esteem and less likely to be sexually active.Boys who have high self-esteem are nearly 2.5 times more likely to initiate sex.Girls with high self-esteem are three times less likely to have sex. Half of the boys who had high self-esteem in seventh grade had sex by ninth grade. Of the girls with low self-esteem in seventh grade, 40% had sex by the time they were in ninth grade. Another study looking at risky sexual behaviors in Nigerian teens found that adolescents with low self-esteem were 1.7 times more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors such as having sex without a condom, having multiple sexual partners, and having sex in exchange for drugs.?? Research also suggests that low self-esteem can be a predictor for having sex at an earlier age.?? Who Is at Risk It is important to remember that not all teens with low self-esteem will become sexually active. Conversely, high self-esteem is not necessarily a guarantee that your teen will not become sexually active. In fact, research suggests that high self-esteem may actually make boys more likely to begin having sex. Kids who have a strong sense of themselves and self-respect will not be immune from sexual urges, but having good self-esteem may help them to handle relationships in more mature ways. Teens who are struggling with their own sense of self-worth may be the most prone to unwise decisions about sex. Issues Tweens and Teens Face Warning Signs for Parents to Look For Unless you have a very open relationship with your child, you may not know they are sexually active unless a problem arises such as unintended pregnancy, illness, or an STI. If your child is dating, you should assume there is a possibility they will become sexually active. If you are fortunate to have a very trusting relationship with your child, they may actually come and ask you for advice. If not, you may find signs of contraceptives or evidence that your child is seeking out moments to be alone with a boyfriend or girlfriend for private moments. The best advice, however, is to be proactive rather than waiting for signs. Talk frankly with your child about sex. Work actively to ensure they place a high value on themselves and their futures. Prevention As a parent or caregiver, you can help foster healthy self-esteem in your teen as well as a supportive and caring relationship with you, which can encourage your teen to make healthy choices in all aspects of their life, including their relationships and sexuality. Talk to Your Childs Pediatrician If you suspect that your teen has low self-esteem or is depressed, talk to your childs doctor. Your childs pediatrician can screen for potential problems and also provide information about safe sex and birth control options. Sexually active teens will also need non-judgmental education about the risks and responsibilities of sex, including proper medical care where appropriate. Activities that raise self-esteem may help teens feel more empowered and in control of their lives and bodies. Address Signs of Depression If your child is depressed or struggling with low esteem, there are things that you can do to help. Your teens pediatrician may recommend treatments such as medication or psychotherapy to address underlying symptoms of depression or anxiety. How to Help Your Depressed Teenager Offer Quality Sex Education Recent findings from the CDCs National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys indicate that fewer teens are engaging in risky sexual behavior than in the past.?? While the research could not point to any specific intervention as the cause of this trend, access to medically accurate sex education programs and online educational information may play an important role. Such trends suggest that parents may be able to reduce the risk by talking about making healthy choices and providing frank, factual information about sex, including safe sex practices and the consequences of risky behaviors. How to Build Your Teens Self-Esteem

Research Study Relationships Of Eating Competence, Sleep...

1) Research Study: Relationships of eating competence, sleep behaviors and quality, and overweight status among college students Intro: Lack of sleep has been identified as a major public health issue found to contribute to chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes (type 2) and hypertension. As sleeping habits worsened over the years, obesity and unhealthy eating trends continued to climb. In contrast cross-sectional studies support the notion that sufficient sleep promotes â€Å"health related behaviors,† such as balanced diet and regular exercise. Concerning college students suffering from severe lack of sleep, it was found many had irregular eating habits, trouble with portion control, poor food choices, and low â€Å"eating competence.† The purpose of the research study was to identify the relationship between eating competence, standard of sleep and sleep patterns (Quick et al., 2015) Methods: To identify and study such a relationship, Universities teamed up with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multistate Healthy Campus Consortium in project â€Å"WebHealth,† which is an intervention program that focuses on nutrition and physical activity over a three-month period. Eight diverse universities in the were chosen to participate, and students were assessed before, after, and in a follow-up interview. Participants were full-time university students ages 18-24, unhindered by conditions that could be effected by changes in their diet and exercise, and not majoring inShow MoreRelatedThesis About Call Center Agents14127 Words   |  57 PagesChapter I Background of the Study If you are a nurse who recently took the board exam, then you must be one of the many new graduates who are considered to be unemployed. After the long weekend parties, holidays, and vacation trips a month ago, you should have recently wondered hey whats next for me now? Well you are not alone. In fact, many of my review mates in a local review center headed to many local BPO companies here in our city. BPO or business process outsourcing involves theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesWindows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Used herein under license. Library of Congress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke Smidt, who bet I wouldn’t put their names in this book. R. P. ââ€"   To my wife, Sally, and my daughter, Anna C. O. ââ€"   To Carol, Allie, and TeriRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageslearning environment integrates the entire digital textbook with the most effective instructor and student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUSRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesand the implications for marketing planning Organizational buying behaviour The growth of relationship marketing Summary Appendix: The drivers of consumer change 6 Approaches to competitor analysis 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 Learning objectives Introduction Against whom are we competing? Identifying and evaluating competitors’ strengths and weaknesses Evaluating competitive relationships and analysing how organizations compete Identifying competitors’ objectives Identifying competitors’

The Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide - 1265 Words

Emnet Habtewold NURS Dr. Karen Parker March, 14, 2015 Assisted Suicide Introduction There are several ethical and legal issues that are raised by the majority concerning the legalization of physician assisted suicide and the role of nurses in the process. Assisted suicide is a legal act of assisting those who are suffering from a deadly illness in ending their lives by providing them the means to do it (Griffith, 2014). Netherland was the first country to legalize physician assisted suicide. In 1994, Oregon became the first state to legalize physician assisted suicide by passing a bill called â€Å"death with dignity† followed by Washington and Montana. The law states that in order to be eligible for gaining access to assisted suicide, the patient must be left with 6 months to live, signed by two physicians and mentally stable enough to make decisions. Euthanasia is an alternative term used to describe the act of putting an end to a life in order to spare the individual’s suffering from an incurable or a painful disease process. It is cl assified to passive, active, involuntary and voluntary euthanasia. Active euthanasia is an act that is actively done to terminate life, while passive is when treatment is stopped in order to shorten the patient’s life. Involuntary euthanasia refers to a decision that is made by the health care providers without the patient knowledge and voluntary refers to patients that knowingly request to end their lives (Levy et al, 2013).Show MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide976 Words   |  4 Pagesmake the last months of a person’s life as comfortable as possible, ultimately palliative and hospice care become ineffective in helping with the excruciating pain. Thus, the legalization of physician assisted suicide provides a compassionate death while preserving the concept of patient autonomy. Physician-assisted suicide enables terminally ill patients to die comfortably and peacefully in their own homes. Terminally ill patients suffer through constant pain in their final months, and there remainsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1720 Words   |  7 PagesIt is obvious discussing physician-assisted suicide is a very controversial issue that is discussed daily by those who wish to die to avoid loss of dignity and also by those who think it is unethical. For physician-assisted suicide to even be considered, the patient must be of sound mind when they are requesting death with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide should be a legal option for people who are unable to end their own lives. However, there should be safeguards to prevent any sort of abuseRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1984 Words   |  8 PagesAnthony Zhang 4.29.15 Period 3B Living in Pain or Death with Dignity The legalization of physician assisted suicide (PAS) in Oregon in 1994 changed the face of the argument between those who believe in death with dignity and those who believe in letting nature take its course. It was a major victory for PAS advocates as the first state in America had legalized PAS in the country’s history. In 2008, the neighboring state of Washington followed suit with a similar law and legalized PAS by a 58-42Read MoreLegalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide820 Words   |  4 Pageslegalize physician-assisted death within a year. Physician-assisted suicide (PAS), in simple words, means doctors prescribe a lethal dose of medication that patients take themselves. The question that whether the Criminal Code provisions should prohibit physician-assisted suicide has been discussed in public for several decades. Actually, decriminalizing PAS may cause some sorts of abuses, but not decriminalizing it would make more patients dying with excruciating pain. Many doctors and physicians thinkRead MoreThe Need for the Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide2485 Words   |  10 Pagesprevent death. Many people turn to a procedure known as Physician-Assisted suicide, a process by which a doctor aids in ending a terminally ill patient’s life. This procedure is painless and effective, allowing patients to control their death and alleviate unnecessary suffering. In spite of these benefits, Physician-Assisted suicide is illegal in many places both nationally and internationally. Despite the fact that Physician-Assisted suicide is opposed by many Americans and much of the world onRead MoreThe Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide Essay2393 Words   |  10 PagesSupport for the participation of physicians in the suicides of terminally ill patients is increasing. Much of the controversy surrounding physician-assisted suicide however focuses on the debate over whether the practice should be legalized. A woman suffering from cancer became the first person known to die under the law of physician-assisted suicide in March of 1998. In 1994, voters in Oregon approved a referendum called the Death with Dignity Act, which was enacted in 1997. This law allows patientsRead MoreLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is2900 Words   |  12 PagesLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is illegal in all states except Oregon, Vermont, Montana and Washington. Present law in other states express that suicide is not a crime, but assisting in suicide is. Supporters of legislation legalizing assisted suicide claim that the moral right to life should encompass the right to voluntary death. Opponents of assisted suicide claim that society has a moral and civic duty to preserve the lives of innocentRead MoreThe Controversial Debate On Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1290 Words   |  6 Pagesis your life and no one else’s, right? This is the question at the very center of the controversial debate on the legalization of physician assisted suicide in the United States. Anti-physician assisted suicide groups often argue that no individual truly wants to end their life. However, that statement does not ring true to those who would actually utilize physician assisted suicide- terminally ill patients. Imagine being diagnosed with a terminal disease, followed by months and sometimes years ofRead MoreEthical Considerations in Dealing with Changes in the Healthcare System929 Words   |  4 Pagesconsideration that creates controversial discussion is the subject of physician-assisted suicide. Physician-assisted suicide is described as the act in which a physician provides the means necessary for the client to perform the act of suicide. The issue of physician-assisted suicide is viewed through many different perspectives. The topic of physician-assisted suicide has been debated since the development of medicine. Physician-assisted suicide was first legalized in the United States in Oregon in 1997.Read MoreShould Physician Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?1426 Words   |  6 PagesPhysician assisted suicide is also known as assisted suicide. It is a very controversial procedure. It is not favored by many. However, in present day society is little bit inclined towards assisted suicide. There is ongo ing debate on the legalization of assisted suicide. The main reason to oppose of assisted suicide is the fear of mistreatment of the patient, abuse of power and so on. In contrary, many see assisted suicide as a way to decrease pain in the end of life.

Verbal Bullying Free Essays

string(97) " harassment when it is based on race, national origin, color, sex, age, disability, or religion\." Abstract Bullying may give particular students self-confidence, but school bullying must be stopped. Being the victim of bullying can lower a victim’s self-esteem, cause psychological problems, and have many other long term effects. This research represented ways individuals can see the short term and long term effects of being a bully or the victim. We will write a custom essay sample on Verbal Bullying or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many demographics of bullying. Suicide and school violence is on the rise. Victims of bullies can often get severely depressed and have low self-esteem. They start thinking of how to take care of the problem themselves. The outcome can take innocent bystanders lives. School is starting for the tri state area kids. Parents are excited, kids are bummed, and teachers are preparing for the new school year. One Subject that parents and teachers have been focusing their attention on is bullying. They have got to prepare to act quickly and know when a student is bullying or being bullied. Parents and teachers are watching for signs of their children being bullied or doing the bullying. Bullying may give particular students self-confidence, but school bullying must be stopped because being the victim of bullying can cause psychological problems, there are different types of bullying and they have many different short-term and long- term effects. According to Bullying Timeline(2008-2009), bullying is not something that has just surfaced in the past ten years, earliest categorized act of bullying behavior is dated all the way back to 1897. Dr. Dan Olweus conducted the first research on bullying in 1970. In 1978 the first book was released, â€Å"Aggression in the schools: Bullies and Whipping Boys. † Dr. Dan Olweus proposed a law against bullying in schools in 1981. In the mid-1990’s, Olweus argument led to legislation against bullying by the Swedish Norwegian parliaments. This was the first proposal of an anti-bullying law. April 20th, 1999, was a revolution for the states, two teenage schoolboys, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, whom was persistently bullied, went on a shooting spree wounding twenty-three, fatally shooting thirteen, and taking their own lives. Children, parents and school officials around the country were shocked, and no one could deny the need for more pro-social and accepting school environments and a way to combat bullying among students. (The history of bullying in schools,2008-2009) The Free Online Dictionary’s definition of a bully is, â€Å"a person who is habitually cruel or overbearing, especially to smaller or weaker people. † Bullying hasn’t really changed over the years, what has changed is the technology involved in bullying. Research and attention have become more focused on bullying since early 1970. Free Online Dictionary, 2012) The four types of bullying that are a significant focus. Verbal and physical are the most associated with bullying. Social and cyber bullying is an increasing rise, to focus more on. Verbal bullying is the most common form of bullying. (Teenage Bullying,2009) Growing up we have all heard the saying, â€Å"sticks and stones may break my bones but words cannot hu rt me. † As untrue as that saying is, name calling, rude comments, constant taunting, threats and teasing can be the breaking point for an individual. Words are painful as well as very affective on one’s life. Forgetting something that was said is not always that easy. Verbal bullying is most common among girls. It is easier to bully a girl with words than it is to physically bully a girl. Social bullying is also found typically amongst girls. (Being left out is worst form of bullying according to research,2011) Spreading rumors that are highly embarrassing, untrue, which can make the person feel ashamed about, who they are. Leaving someone out of a group or discussion on purpose, making the victim feel alone and uninvited to participate. Bullies can glare to intimidate their victim for saying something to someone else, or even being present when the bully is around. At times they give the silent treatment because they are mad or jealous of the person. (National Foundation for educational research,2011) Physical bullying appears to be the most obvious kind of bullying. Physical attacks such as: kicking, pushing, tripping, and spitting to show that they are in charge. Rude gestures like, pounding their fist to their hand resembling they will hit their victim. It is a powerful act to intimidate the weak and show who is in charge. Physical bullying is most common in young boys. They tend to use violence to demonstrate power. With the new technology cyber bullying is one of the prime methods in this day and age for a bully. Cyber bullying is the use of technology to harass, threaten, embarrass, or target another person. Facebook, MySpace and other forms of social networks are not the only forms of cyber bullying. Surprisingly, 42 percent of kids have been bullied while online through e-mail, texting, chat rooms, forums, and instant messaging. (Cyber bullying Statistics: Statistics and Tips, 2004) Based on 2004 i-SAFE survey of 1,500 student’s grades 4-8, â€Å"35% of kids using the internet have been threatened online. Survey showed 21% of kids have received mean or threatening e-mail or other messages. While 58% of the kids admit someone has said mean or hurtful things to them online. Significantly, 58% have not told their parents or an adult about something mean or hurtful that happened to them online. On the other hand survey showed 53% of kids admit to having said something mean or hurtful to another person online. †(2004) (Cyber bullying Statistics: Statistics and Tips, 2004) Cyber bullying has changed how persistent bullies can be. When bullying was just at school, kids had home to go to after school and weekends. They only had to deal with bullying on the school grounds. There is no escape for victims whom are targeted at school currently. They are being targeted at home by internet bullying and texting. According to a research done by Stop Bullying,(2011) strangely enough there is no federal law directly addresses bullying, â€Å"in some cases, bullying overlaps with discriminatory harassment when it is based on race, national origin, color, sex, age, disability, or religion. You read "Verbal Bullying" in category "Papers" When bullying and harassment overlap, federally-funded schools have an obligation to resolve the harassment. When the situation is not adequately resolved, the U. S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights and the U. S. Department of Justice’s Civil Rights Division may be able to help. † (Federal Law, 2011) Forty-nine of the fifty states in the U. S. have approved school anti-bullying legislation. In 1999, Georgia was the first to be approved. (Georgia house bill, 2012) Montana is the only state without anti-bullying legislation. (MT-Senate bill 198, 2012) Local tri-state area anti-bullying laws are in affect. In 2007, Iowa jumped on board to create a state law and policies at schools for bullying. Wisconsin joined in 2010, with both school policies, as well as a state law, while in 2007 Illinois only has an anti-bullying law, but no school policy. (Bully Police, 2012) Oddly Illinois is ranked the 3rd most bullied state for k-12. (Top 5 States, 2011) Bullies are often mistaken as loners with low self-esteem. Bully’s naturally have an easier time making friends. It is easier to be a bully’s friend than to be bullied by him/her. A bully’s self-esteem is average or above normal. They are known to come from homes with limited supervision by parents, harsh or physical discipline at home ay have a role model with bullying engagements, and a one parent household. Children who participate in bullying often bully more than one individual. Their characteristics are often but not limited to: being impulsive, having a lack of empathy, as well as, becoming easily frustrated. They also have a tendency not to listen to authority. Generally, they do not like to follow rule s. Some can look at violence in a positive way, and can often be found erratic. Kids who bully have a liking to find other friends who are bullies. Together they can become positive to violence. Children who bully, 2011) What are the signs to look for in children that are bullies? Bullying can be a sign of serious antisocial violent behavior. A victim at home can be a bully at school. Children who bully other kids are more likely to pick fights, be injured in fighting, vandalize property or steal from others, drink alcohol at an early age, smoke cigarettes, do recreational drugs, become absent from school or stop attending all together, and may carry weapons. If you ask a bully about weapons, majority own or have access to. Short term effects of being a bully are feeling the powerful use of anger. Control bullies have over other kids, and fear that was present when they are nearby. At the same time bullies are respected because it is easier to be friends with a bully then be bullied by the bully. The false happiness bullies think they are aiding by hurting others. Long term effects of being a bully. Becoming a criminal in later years of their lives, is a probability. Self- esteem and empathy never mended. Some feel they have reputations to live up to and feel they are invincible. Consequences never fear bullies in the long term effect because they do not care what happens next. For parents to recognize if their child is doing the bullying often have a strong need to dominate situations to get their own way and have the power over the household. Antisocial or criminal behavior at a young age can demonstrate that they are hanging out with the wrong kids. Children with aggressive behavior to rule a parent and not listen to what they have to say, and can become abusive toward their parents to dominate the situation and be in charge. (Children who bully, 1998-2012) Teachers are trained to watch for signs of bullying. Children can be bullied in many ways physical, verbal, and emotional. Crick Grotpeter (1995) discuss how there are more ways than just directly bullying; they can include indirect behaviors that cause a child to feel socially secluded. † Examples of this type of bullying could be leaving the student out of activities, spreading rumors, making him/her feel uncomfortable or scared, telling nasty stories, not allowing the person to speak to other children or be spoken to. This is also called relational aggression, which is primarily, but not exclusively associated with girls’ bullying strategies â€Å"(Crick ; Grotpeter, 1995). Girls are more commonly responsible for the indirect behavior. Boys like to demonstrate their aggression and cause physical damage. In most cases, children are bullied because they are different and stick out in some way or another. Sometimes it is because one is smaller or bigger than the other kids. Age could be a factor in other cases. Being a specific gender, male versus female, or even a person’s sexual orientation could be a cause for bullying. A victim could be bullied because of economic status such as being rich or poor. Race, religion, beliefs and interests could be different from the bullies. There are many demographics for one to be a victim of bullying. Recognizing signs children being bullied can be more difficult than signs of your child being the bully. Children who are being victimized by bullying have one or several behaviors at home. They may come home with bruises, cuts, or other physical appearances without an explanation of how they got there. They do not want to go to school anymore or start taking a different route to and from school. Acting sad, depressed, irritable, and suddenly have temper outburst. May start to isolate themselves from others and become a loner. Schoolchildren who are bullied may suffer from different short-term effects. Anger along with frustration may become collective feelings. Intention is that they want to retaliate, and have the desire for the bully to stop picking on he/she. Some frustration and anger come from not understanding why they are being the victim of bullying. Several start becoming afraid and concerned of what will occur next, and start developing anxiety. Victims from time to time can become depressed and feel it is their fault and begin to think; they hate life, hate themselves and hate existence. Low self-worth may play a part of short term bullying in which can cause illness. Some students may start to be absent from school, start to become a loner to avoid being bullied. Long term effects for the victim of being bullied are far more serious then short term effects. Severe depression is more than just a feeling of being down. Depression is a severe mood disorder in which feelings of unhappiness, along with other symptoms, can interfere with a person’s normal everyday activities for a long period of time. If severe depression is not treated swiftly, selected number of victims may get to the point of hurting themselves, thoughts of suicide, attempting suicide, or considerations or actions of hurting others. The worst case occurrence through bullying is when victims come back and retaliates the best way they feel is gratifying. Human instinct is to hurt someone who is hurting us. Making someone feel the way they have made us feel, becomes the only precedence some have. With that being said, there are school shootings and suicides on the rise. It is no longer just hurtful words, excluding someone from a group or event, giving each other silent treatment, or fist fighting. It has become a fatal concern on the rise. According to Bullying Statistics,(2009) the alarming figures are on the rise. * Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people, resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year, according to the CDC. For every suicide among young people, there are at least 100 suicide attempts. Over 14 percent of high school students have considered suicide, and almost 7 percent have attempted it. Bully victims are between 2 to 9 times more likely to consider suicide than non-victims, according to studies by Yale University * A study in Britain found that at least half of suicides among young people are related to bullying * 10 to 14 year old girls may be at even higher risk for suicide, according to the study above * According to statistics reported by ABC News, nearly 30 percent of students are either bullies or victims of bullying, and 160,000 kids stay home from school every day because of fear of bullying. Bullying Statistics,2009) In conclusion, being the victim of school bullying can have extreme long term effects on both the victim and the bully. Today’s technology has changed the way kids are getting bullied. Parents are watching for warning signs if their child is the victim of bullying or is the bully. There are many short-term and long-term effects bullying can have on kids. Teachers are particularly watching interactions between kids. Some schools have created bully awareness days or weeks. School violence and suicide are on the rise, distinguishing bullying and being able to solve the problem proficiently, will be the best way to reduce an ongoing problem in the future. Preventing bulling is possible with enough contribution. How to cite Verbal Bullying, Papers

Sustainable Business Marketing Weta Digital - Free Solution

Question: Describe about the report deals with the sustainable marketing strategies that are adopted by Weta Digital for marketing the products and services? Answer: Executive Summary This report deals with the sustainable marketing strategies that are adopted by Weta Digital for marketing the products and services. The purpose of the assignment is to see the sustainable growth in the company and the factors that need to be adopted for sustainable marketing. The ethics, ethical responsibilities are also discussed that will help in depth understanding of the sustainable growth. The fair adoption of SCM, pricing strategies etc are adopted that help the organization in sustainable growth. The organization adopts the sustainable strategies to stay ethical in their business towards the customers as well as employees. Social media is a strong instrument that helps the organization to a considerable extent for sustainability. Though there are some disadvantages, but that can be reduced with the correct way of usage of social media and modern technology. Introduction Sustainable marketing is the adaptation of certain business practices that help in creating better businesses as well as in maintaining a good relationship within the organization as well with the customers (Boulanger, 2010). In order to have a good sustainable business, the organization needs to include the following practices such as- optimizing the performance of the business and creating a warm relationship with employees, customers and other business. In addition to this, Ferdous (2010) commented on the fact that business sustainability also includes practices such as reducing carbon footprint and balancing the budget of the company to have a financial stability. With the rapid modernization of the technology, the big brands are taking up the internet as well as digital marketing mediums very seriously as it has now become one of the most important channel for marketing (Yudelson, 2009). The mediums that the companies adopt for digital marketing are- Flickr, YouTube, Facebook etc. for reaching out a huge customer database globally. This report will be dealing with forecasting the future of sustainability products along with principles of sustainable marketing and challenges regarding the risks. In addition to this the drivers for digital media along with its applications and dangers are also discussed vividly. 1) Forecasting the future of sustainability marketing for the products and services along with examples Sustainable marketing is essential because when an organization comes into force it aims in long term business in the market. Weta Digital is of no exception since with the development of the organization, the level of sustainability of Weta Digital also increases to a considerable extent. Weta Digital creates communities, and connects the people globally by sharing knowledge, ideas and thought. Kearney (2013) commented on the fact that sustainability in digital marketing helps in increasing awareness, encouraging interaction, driving transactions as well as efficiently managing the risks. With the development of technology, Weta Digital also needs to accordingly for a sustainable existence. According to Proctor (2000) the consumer behavior is changing and is becoming more pervasive and evocative and based on their demands the organization need to deliver the products and services for a sustainable growth. Weta Digital also needs to be effective enough in its Supply Chain Management (SCM) and pricing. SCM is concerned about its internal business process, employee engagement, supplier integration, customer expectations along with financial balance. The organization need to be importing the raw materials from the suppliers that are eco-minded and green and rather consider eco friendliness as their major sustainability growth. Now days consumers also have become aware regarding the tenacity to stay eco-friendly as well as using the products and services of the company that are eco-friendly in nature. In addition to this, Proctor (2000) low pricing strategy can also be used for long term sustainability in this competitive market. This is because; it is the mentality of the customers to get best quality product and services at low price. This makes the customers loyal towards the company that also increases the companys customer database. Examples such as digital marketing technologies used are- content curation tools, content recommendation tools, distribution services, integration services all help in sustainability. Waelder (2013) had commented that through these tools, the consumers gather information and knowledge regarding the information of the organizations, their products and services. 2) Key themes and principles of sustainability marketing Sustainability of an organization is a journey that arises many questions and challenges and involves the internal and external stakeholders for better understanding of the expectations and perceptions. According to Mellahi et al. (2010) in order to have a healthy sustainability in marketing, the organization should have acknowledgement regarding the core principles of sustainable marketing. The key principles for sustainable marketing are- Reducing waste- Ottman (2011) commented on the fact that for sustainable marketing, the organization should reduce the waste to the maximum. It can even engage the social media for retaining the customers well and use content marketing for improving the website for getting a lead generation in the search engine optimizer. Planning for longevity- The organization in order to get long term success has to adopt the digital marketing strategy for sustaining in the market for a long time. Rudell (2013) had a view that with the rise in consciousness towards protecting tress and elimination of wastage of papers, organizations like Weta Digital is focused on digital media for a higher productivity that leads to greater sustainability. Most inspiration, surprising and challenging aspects of sustainable marketing for competitive advantage along with risks involved Adcock (2000) commented on the fact that Weta Digital has adopted the most inspirations, challenging and surprising aspects of sustainable marketing in order to have competitive advantage. The SCM need to be ethical and also should maintain the rules and regulations for a fair trade. Moreover, the organization also needs to see whether eth suppliers are bounded with the laws of ETI and also maintain the laws of employment and working culture. Adaptation of such suppliers will enhance the customers loyalty and belief on the company that will help the organization for long run sustainability. Choo (2011) had a view that the modern technology has also influenced the consumer behavior and they are more focused towards the digitalization for getting correct and authentic information regarding the companys services and products. In addition to this, Borin Metcalf (2010) commented that the aspect of sustainable marketing is to know the customers well and thereby making the organization ope rate according to their needs and wants. For high sustainability, the organization also need to be transparent and also need to consider the prices and assure the buyer regarding the quality of the product through digital marketing that includes advertisement etc. Moreover, according to Luca Suggs (2010) the digital marketing also gives the organizations a higher competitive advantage over other companies. More and more usage of modern technology will help the organization to reach the customers at ease. Moreover, the waste materials can also be well treated before their disposal thereby making it more eco friendly that will help in sustainability. This is through more the organization will be using the digital marketing strategy, the more the customers will be relying on it and hence the customers will be getting information regarding the products and services of the company. There are certain risks that are also involved while the organization goes under at the time of sustainability are discussed below- Maintenance of sustainability standards- Martin Schouten (2014) commented on the fact that when an organization is undertaking the standards of sustainability, then it is necessary for the organization to compare the existing ones with the theoretical standards. This will help the organization in understanding the risk, shortcomings and areas of immediate concern that can cause risk in the long term sustainability. Supply Chain transparency- McDonald et al. (2012) also had a view that when the organizations are involved in global operations, the supply chain transparency need to be focused on. This is because, the labor conditions also need to be seen that is essential for a companys sustainability. The shareholders as well as the stakeholders create pressure on the organization regarding the transparency in SCM. So, organization needs to improve the transparency of the SCM along with maintaining the supplier list. 3) Influence of these insights and ethical responsibility of professional marketing practice and sustainability Motameni Nordstrom (2014) commented on the fact that an organization needs to be ethical in their approach in order to have a sustainable growth in this competitive world and also need to hold back the sustainability. Sustainability is a balanced approach that takes into account the environmental responsibility, social benefits as well as economic activities that helps in long term perspective of the organization. According to Proctor (2000) the more the organization will be ethical in their approach, the more the customers will be having a good perception of the company and will be inclined towards that company. In addition to this, the organization should work hard on reducing the carbon footprint which is an emerging problem in todays world. Moreover, sustainability is also important in order to keep up the reputation of the business to a good extent. In addition to this, Ylimki (2014) had a view that the corporate social responsibility of the organization should also have ethical approach in pricing as well as maintenance of the quality of the products. According to Yudelson (2008) through online marketing the organizations get in contact with the customers to a great extent. Moreover, the customers also use digital marketing for comparing the prices, quality and goes through the transparency of the organization. Zeriti et al. (2014) commented that one of the basic instruments for gaining sustainability is through building trust. For having long term sustainability the organization has adopted Corporate Social Responsibility to order to gain the trust of the customers as well as employees. By using digital marketing strategies, the organizations get in touch with the potential customers very easily. According to Gangwar, Kumar Rao (2014) the important requirement of practicing the ethical sustainability is to stay environmental friendly and have a blend towards the safety of the environment and keep up the greenery side. The organization also supports its employees as well as maintains an ethical and healthy culture within the organization. The employees are given fair compensation benefits, salary packages and bonus that will help in long term retention. This also helps in enhancing sustainability of the organization. In addition to this, Gordon, Carrigan Hastings (2011) had a view that social media is a strong way of promoting the environment friendliness to the customers. The ethics, rules and regulations are followed by the organization that helps it to stay environmental friendly as well as ethical in their business. Moreover, the usage of social media for deliv ering the false information to the customers also affects the trust of the customers to a considerable extent. Through this the customers intend to lose the faith and trust on the organization that negatively affect the reputation and image of the organization to a huge extent (Glassman Braun, 2010). 4) Drivers for digital media, applications of digital media for sustainable marketing and the dangers associated with it Operational Efficiency- Ottman (2011) commented that operational efficiency of the organization need to be used in digital media since through digital marketing, the organization can reach the customers very easily because of the rapid transactions and communication between the consumers and business. In addition to this, Kearney (2013) commented on the fact that through digital marketing the consumers easily locates a product and also have reviews, benefits and values regarding the product for getting access to the product. Moreover, digital media also helps the organization in boosting up the reputation as well as success of the company. Again, according to Ferdous (2010) digital marketing is an important instrument that helps the organization in having sustainable marketing strategy that includes branding, positioning as well as communication. The relationship that is built between the organization and customers also help the organization in sustainable growth (Salonen, 2011). The social media also helps the customers in knowing the steps the organization has adopted for environmental friendliness and sustainability. Brand and Efficiency- According to Glassman Braun (2010) this may give a bad impression and hamper the reputation of the organization to a considerable extent. This is to be remembered that a once the company gets a bad impression or review from the customers, it becomes difficult to get back that loyalty from them. Adcock (2000) commented that though the social media has a lot of advantages, there are also some disadvantages present such as unidirectional messages are sent to the audiences that may sometimes feel irritated. The lack in expertise in technical knowledge, the organization fails to deliver the actual message that they intend to send the customers through digital media. Recommendations It is seen that the organizations now days in order to have a good brand image and respect from the customers has adopted the strategies of sustainability for sustaining in the market for a long period of time. The SCM, low pricing strategies and the inclination towards eco-friendliness helps in sustainability of the organization. This will be helping the intended customers to be a part of communication channels. By using the modern technology in a meaningful way, the organizations can adopt the social media as a sustainable instrument. Conclusion This report has focused on the sustainability marketing that the organization can receive through adaptation of SCM, eco-friendliness, ethical approach and low pricing strategy. With a modern blend of technology both the customers as well as the organization are keen towards the usage of social media. The social media is used through which the company reaches the intended and potential customers for a long term sustainability growth. The sustainable marketing strategy that are adopted by the organization in order to gain loyalty and respect from the customers that also helps the company on gaining a sustainable growth. References Adcock, D. (2000). Marketing strategies for competitive advantage. Chichester [England]: Wiley. Borin, N., Metcalf, L. (2010). Integrating Sustainability Into the Marketing Curriculum: Learning Activities That Facilitate Sustainable Marketing Practices. Journal Of Marketing Education, 32(2), 140-154. doi:10.1177/0273475309360156 Boulanger, P. (2010). Basic Income and Sustainable Consumption Strategies. Basic Income Studies, 4(2). doi:10.2202/1932-0183.1179 Choo, H. (2011). Marketing Innovations for Sustainable Destinations. Tourism Management, 32(4), 959-960. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2010.05.007 Ferdous, A. (2010). Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain Marketing Managers Perspectives on Sustainable Marketing. Journal Of International Consumer Marketing, 22(4), 313-325. doi:10.1080/08961530.2010.505883 Gangwar, M., Kumar, N., Rao, R. (2014). Consumer Stockpiling and Competitive Promotional Strategies. Marketing Science, 33(1), 94-113. doi:10.1287/mksc.2013.0814 Glassman, T., Braun, R. (2010). Confusion Surrounding Social Marketing Strategies and Social Norm Theory: To Prevent High-Risk Drinking Among College Students. Social Marketing Quarterly, 16(2), 94-103. doi:10.1080/15245001003746741 Gordon, R., Carrigan, M., Hastings, G. (2011). A framework for sustainable marketing. Marketing Theory, 11(2), 143-163. doi:10.1177/1470593111403218 Kearney, M. (2013). The new rules of green marketing: strategies, tools, and inspiration for sustainable branding. Journal Of Marketing Management, 30(13-14), 1520-1521. doi:10.1080/0267257x.2014.946258 Luca, N., Suggs, L. (2010). Strategies for the Social Marketing Mix: A Systematic Review. Social Marketing Quarterly, 16(4), 122-149. doi:10.1080/15245004.2010.522767 Martin, D., Schouten, J. (2014). The answer is sustainable marketing, when the question is: What can we do?. Recherche Et Applications En Marketing (English Edition), 29(3), 107-109. doi:10.1177/2051570714540497 McDonald, S., Oates, C., Alevizou, P., Young, C., Hwang, K. (2012). Individual strategies for sustainable consumption. Journal Of Marketing Management, 28(3-4), 445-468. doi:10.1080/0267257x.2012.658839 Mellahi, K., Demirbag, M., Tamer Cavusgil, S., Danis, W. (2010). Marketing strategies of MNCs from emerging markets. International Marketing Review, 27(2). doi:10.1108/imr.2010.03627baa.001 Motameni, R., Nordstrom, R. (2014). Correlating the Social Media Functionalities to Marketing Goals and Strategies. Journal Of Marketing Management (JMM), 2(3 4). doi:10.15640/jmm.v2n3-4a3 Ottman, J. (2011). The new rules of green marketing. San Francisco, Calif.: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Proctor, T. (2000). Strategic marketing. London: Routledge. Rudell, F. (2013). The New Rules of Green Marketing: Strategies, Tools, and Inspiration for Sustainable Branding by Jacquelyn A. Ottman. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., 2011. xx + 252 pages. US$21.95. Journal Of Product Innovation Management, 30(2), 399-400. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.01006_1.x Salonen, A. (2011). Service transition strategies of industrial manufacturers.Industrial Marketing Management,40(5), 683-690. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.05.005 Waelder, P. (2013). Collecting Intangibles: Marketing Strategies for Net art Works. Artn., 0(13). doi:10.7238/a.v0i13.2015 Ylimki, J. (2014). A dynamic model of suppliercustomer product development collaboration strategies. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(6), 996-1004. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.05.012 Yudelson, J. (2008). Marketing green building services. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Architectural Press. Yudelson, J. (2009). Sustainable retail development. Dordrecht: Springer. Zeriti, A., Robson, M., Spyropoulou, S., Leonidou, C. (2014). Sustainable Export Marketing Strategy Fit and Performance. Journal Of International Marketing, 22(4), 44-66. doi:10.1509/jim.14.0063

Functional Analysis of KV1.2 and Paddle Chimera Kv Channels in Planar Lipid Bilayers

Japanese Greetings and Parting Phrases

Japanese Greetings and Parting Phrases Learning greetings is a great way to start communicating with people in their language. Particularly in Japanese- a culture that prizes proper social etiquette- knowing how to use greetings and parting phrases correctly will open doors for you as you study the language. The greetings and parting words below include audio files that will allow you to listen to the phrases and learn how they are pronounced. Using Ha and Wa in Hiragana Before studying Japanese greetings, its important to learn how two important words are used in hiragana. Hiragana is a part of the Japanese writing system. It is a phonetic syllabary, which is a set of written characters that represent syllables. In most cases, each character corresponds to one syllable though there are few exceptions to this rule. Hiragana is used in many cases, such as writing articles or miscellaneous words that have no kanji form or an obscure kanji form In Japanese, there is a rule for writing the hiragana for waã‚ ) and ha㠁 ¯). When wa  is used as a  particle, it is written in hiragana as ha. (A particle,  joshi,  is a word that shows the relationship of a word, phrase, or clause to the rest of the sentence.) In current Japanese dialogue, Konnichiwa or Konbanwa are fixed greetings. However, historically, they were used in sentences such as  Konnichi  wa (Today is) or Konban  wa  (Tonight is), and wa  functioned as a particle. Thats why it is still written in hiragana as ha. Common Japanese Greetings  and  Parting Phrases Listen to the audio files carefully by clicking on the links, and mimic what you hear. Repeat this a few times until you are able to pronounce the greetings and parting phrases. Good MorningOhayou㠁Šã  ¯Ã£â€šË†Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š Good AfternoonKonnichiwa㠁“ん㠁 «Ã£  ¡Ã£  ¯Ã£â‚¬â€š Good eveningKonbanwa㠁“ん㠁 °Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯Ã£â‚¬â€š Good nightOyasuminasai㠁Šã‚„㠁™ã  ¿Ã£  ªÃ£ â€¢Ã£ â€žÃ£â‚¬â€š GoodbyeSayonara㠁•ã‚ˆã  ªÃ£â€šâ€°Ã£â‚¬â€š See you laterDewa mata㠁 §Ã£  ¯Ã£  ¾Ã£ Å¸Ã£â‚¬â€š See you tomorrow.Mata ashita㠁 ¾Ã£ Å¸Ã¦ËœÅ½Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â‚¬â€š How are you?Genki desu kaå…Æ'æ °â€"㠁 §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š Tips on Greetings and Parting Phrases Enhance your knowledge of Japanese greetings and parting words by reviewing some basic tips about the various phrases. Ohayou Gozaimasu Good Morning:  If you are speaking to a friend or find yourself in a casual setting, you would use the word  ohayou  (㠁Šã  ¯Ã£â€šË†Ã£ â€ ) to say good morning. However, if you were on your way into the office and ran into your boss or another supervisor, you would want to use  ohayou  gozaimasu  (㠁Šã  ¯Ã£â€šË†Ã£ â€ Ã£ â€Ã£ â€"㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢), which is a more formal greeting. Konnichiwa Good Afternoon:  Although Westerners sometimes  think the word  konnichiwa  (㠁“ん㠁 °Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯) is a general greeting to be used at any time of day, it actually means good afternoon. Today, its a colloquial greeting used by anyone, but it can be part of the more formal greeting:  Konnichi  wa  gokiken  ikaga  desu ka?  (ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£  ¯Ã£ â€Ã¦ ©Å¸Ã¥ «Å'㠁„㠁‹ã Å'㠁 §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹?). This phrase loosely translates into English as â€Å"How are you feeling today?† Konbanwa Good Evening:  Just as you would use one phrase to greet someone during the afternoon, the Japanese language has a different word for wishing people a  good evening.  Konbanwa  (㠁“ん㠁 °Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¯) is an informal word you can use to address anyone in a friendly manner, though it can also be  used as part of a larger and more formal greeting. Mastering these greetings and parting words is a great early step in learning Japanese. Knowing the correct way to greet others, and to say goodbye, in Japanese demonstrates respect and an interest in the language and culture.

American Government Assg2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Government Assg2 - Essay Example It has extended the right of suffrage to women and minorities and survived without a major disruption in government for nearly all of its history (with the one exception being the Civil War). Nowadays, with the growth of democratic institutions, it is important to protect people from the â€Å"tyranny of the majority.† American democracy is just as much threatened by having its government become unaccountable as it is by a ruthless voting majority suppressing or ignoring minorities and their rights. â€Å"How minority group interests are treated in democratic systems is a central concern of citizens, government officials, and scholars† (Haider-Markel 2007, 304). There is a danger that in the future the government will not so much be the voice of the people, as it will be the distributor of wealth and goods to them. A democracy that seeks to protect minority voices and promote division often finds itself using handouts and all manner of financial incentives to gain elect oral majorities. â€Å"Opinion surveys from many advanced democracies repeatedly find widespread popular support for the institutions of direct democracy† (Bowler 2007, 35). This shows that there is a potential for a â€Å"tyranny of the majority,† especially if the rights of individuals are not protected. A fundamental part of representative democracy is not just the principle of popular rule but also the need to protect inalienable rights. In order to remain effective, the American political system must be careful not to give too much say to majorities and polls. A fundamental feature of the modern nation-state since the 1848 Treaty of Westphalia has been the tendency to centralize power, usually in a physical place called the capital, over the recognized territories of the same. The Articles of Confederation, though well-intended, ultimately failed to provide for this basic centralizing authority so necessary to have a functioning state. â€Å"The Articles provided for a loose

Coca olas Response to Changing Market Conditions Essay

Coca olas Response to Changing Market Conditions - Essay Example While Coca Cola was focusing too much on carbonated drinks, PepsiCo was responding to market changes in two important ways. To begin with, Pepsi chose diversification as its strategy to increase its customer base. By this time, they had already realised that they would be better access a bigger part of the market by offering complimenting products such as energy bars and other snack foods. Meeting emerging consumer concerns PepsiCo also realised one important thing about consumer needs. As people started to be more concerned about the health issues caused by cola drinks, PepsiCo was quick to launch healthy products such as diet code and other non-sugary products. This was a very good way to access the segment of the market which was tied in people who could not use the normal carbonated beverages. At the same time, the number of people with health issues such as diabetes was becoming very high and this made it possible to have a big market share for non-sugary beverages. Pepsis was q uick to respond to this rising marketing needs. Yet, at such a time when non carbonated drinks were becoming favourite for so many people who were either concerned about the health impacts of carbonated drinks or whose health issues could not allow them to use the same, Coca cola, under the leadership of Goizueta, continued to focus on its cola drinks. Roberto Goizueta believed that being able to efficiently produce carbonated drinks was the strategy that would help the firm to have a permanent grip on the market. This was both right and wrong. This is because although low production costs are a good strategy, they can only be helpful to a business if they are geared towards the right direction. In other words, Coca cola’s low cost strategies were good but were focused on the wrong product. This is a time when Coca cola should have been focusing on looking at how it could have been able to introduce new products which would fit the new and emerging consumer needs. This made C oca cola to remain behind PepsiCo and therefore giving PepsiCo the upper hand in the market. Coca cola not only failed to diversify like PepsiCo had done, but is also failed to consider new market needs. Q2 Coca Cola Coca Cola’s marketing orientation is geared towards affecting the way the buyer thinks about the product. A closer look at the way in which Coca Cola manages its marketing in the times of Goizueta indicates that Coca cola is not customer oriented. This is seen as the old-school marketing in which organisations did not look too much into what the customer wanted but rather only focused on developing a product and the presenting it to the consumer (Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt 2010). In this regard, it means that Coca Cola only focused on producing the products which they thought best for customers and then delivering this product. In such an arrangement, marketing is done by massive branding campaigns which would be geared towards making the customer to believe tha t the product is best for them (Kenny 2009). This is what coca cola had used for a long time leading it to become the number one brand in the world. Coca Cola also seems to focus on specialising rather than diversification. In this regard, especially under the leadership of the charismatic leader Goizueta, Coca Cola focused too much on its main product which was its cash cow. In fact, Coca Cola’s diversification was only as a reaction to PepsiCo’s market success brought by PepsiCo’s diversification strategy. PepsiCo PepsiCo on the other hand had a different marketing orientation. Towards the end of the 20th century, PepsiCo seemed to have realised that aligning the business strategy to the needs of the customer was the next big thing. Unlike Coca Cola, PepsiCo started focusing on looki

Distinguishing personnel management and human resource management

Distinguishing personnel management and human resource management P1: Distinguish between personnel management and human resource management and discuss the historical development and changing context in which they operate?   Personnel Management:      PM is basically an administrative record functioning at operational level. PM attempts to maintain fair terms and conditions of employment while at the same time efficiently managing personnel activities for individual departments and the activities which result ultimately in achieving organizational success. Human Resource Management:- HRM is concerned with carrying out the same functional activities conventionally performed by the personnel function such as HR Planning, Job analysis, recruitment and selection, employee relations, performance management, employee appraisals, compensation management, training and development but it performs these functions in a qualitatively distinct way as compared with personnel management. History of Human Resource Management:-   The concept and name of human resource management has been changed many times throughout the history. The changes were mostly because to the change in social and economic activities throughout the history. Human resource management came to birth when industrial revolution took place in the year 1833 then the industrialist incepted to increase their production and they raised the burden of work on the employees by having 60 hours a week. The workers became fed up of this circumstance and they took decision among themselves to find out the solution for this problem. After this workers were losing interest in their work and they divided in different groups and all this caused less production. The industrialists came to know this, they straggle to satisfy the workers but however the workers were not happy with that and formed their Trade Union. Now the industrialists gave full authority to one manager. In spite of this the problems remained constant because the manager was not able to ha ndle their problems then the workers went to strike for their rights.  Ã‚  This led to the formation of personnel management. Personal management was working only when clashes arise. PM was dealing on bargaining, so this system also failed to motivate the employees, in addition PM was not able to take full control of it. The combination of wartime production demands, government wage price controls and the need to negotiate cooperative agreements forced many companies to expand their personnel staffs and control their HR practices. Such basic HR practices as job classification systems, hiring standards, uniform pay grades and written disciplinary procedures were developed for the first time by many companies.    Another early donor to HRM was called the human relations movement. Two researchers, Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger included human factors into work. This movement began as a result of a chain of studies conducted at the Hawthorne facility of Western Electric in Chicago between 1924 and 1933. The purpose of the study was to conclude the effects of illumination on workers and their output. The studies pointed out the significance of the social interaction and work group on output and satisfaction. The human relations movement eventually around the mind 1960s became a branch and a contributor to the field of organizational behavior; because of this progress all the industrialists and peoples came to know that human beings are the most valuable assets of an organization.    Human Resource Management gets more into practice as people are acknowledging from HRD and HR practices and these departments are fulfilling all the requirements of the employees, are managing all human resource and are giving full rights to every one. Now in all successful organizations there are HRM departments Shifting from Personnel Management to HRM The significant role of HRM is reflected in the transformation of the personnel management purpose from one of concentrating on employee welfare to one of managing people in a way which matches organizational and individual goals and providing employees with intrinsic and extrinsic reward. Therefore today Human Resource Management is historically known as personal management which deals with official system for the management of the people within an organization. Different Stages of shifting from Personnel Management to HRM: First stage: HRM earlier react in an even way to problems as they arise. Effective HRM seeks to connection HRM issues to the largely strategy of the organization with the most effective HRM policies and practices included into such corporate policies and strategies to strengthen or transform an organizations culture. Integration is required in two senses (1) integrating HRM issues in an organizations strategic planning (2) securing the acceptance and addition of a HRM view in the decisions of line managers. The HRM policy in worth of the various functions for example training and recruitment etc should be internally reliable Second stage:-   structure powerful cultures is a way of promoting demanding organizational goals in that a strong culture is intended at uniting employees through a shared set of managerially authorized values such as excellence   service and innovation etc. However there can be anxious between a strong organizational culture and the need to change situations and to be elastic particularly in the highly competitive and fast changing environment in which employers have to work on daily basis. Speedy change demanded by the market is sometimes tough in an organization with a strong culture.   Third stage: The mind set that people are a changeable cost is in effectual HRM which is replaced by the view that people are a resource and that as community capital it can be developed and can add to competitive advantage. Mostly it is accepted that competitive advantage is gained through well educated and trained motivated and dedicated employees at all levels. This recognition is now almost considered worldwide and important of management training and growth are the middle pillars of HRM.    Fourth stage: The view that the interests of employees and management or shareholders are different and confliction though considerably true in the past as organization which practices effective human resource management seeks to classify and promote a commonality of interests. important examples are training which enhances employment security and high earning ability for employees while at the same time rising the employees value to the enterprise goals of healthier productivity and performance pay systems which increase earnings without important labor cost increases and which at the same time endorse higher performance levels goal setting through two way communication which establishes joined goals and objectives and which provides basic rewards to the employee through a participatory process.   Fifth stage: Top to down communication tied with restricted information flow to keep power within the control of management give a way for sharing of information and knowledge. This transform facilitates the creation of faith and commitment and makes knowledge more fruitful. Control from the top is in successful HRM being replaced by increasing employee contribution and policies the ways in which the larger Japanese enterprises have installed participatory schemes and introduced information distribution and two way communication systems are instructive in this view. In enterprises that tend to have company missions and where there are fundamental values that shape their corporate culture HRM becomes a part of the strategy to attain their objectives. In some types of enterprises such as one in which permanent technological change takes place the goal of successfully managing change at short intervals often requires employee collaboration through emphasis on communication and involveme nt. Shifting of personnel management to HRM took place in three stages:   1) Records and Administration 2) Accountability Regulations 3) Competitive Advantage 1) Records and Administration In first stage the main activities which were taken out by personnel department were plan Company picnics setting up vacations enroll workers for health are exposure planning retirement parties increase diverse workforce and contain health care cost. 2) Accountability Regulations During this phase most important framework of rules and regulations started rising in the company. In 1970 the duty of the HR manger was to keep their organizations out of court. In the 1980 HR mangers had to address staffing costs linked to mergers and acquisition and downsize.   The economic issues associated to an increasingly worldwide and completive workplace characterize the 1990. 3) Competitive Advantage The aim of this shift stage is from just securing fulfillment to the more determined one of winning promise. The employee resource therefore becomes worth investing in and training and development thus assume a top profile. These initiatives are linked with or even predicated upon a propensity to shift from a collective orientation to the management of the workforce to a distinctive one.    P 2: Assess the role, tasks and activities of the human resource practitioner Human resource management plays a vital role in the success of every organization. Human resource management is concerned with the development and implementation of human resource strategies which are integrated with corporate strategies to ensure that the culture values structure of the organization quality motivation and commitment of its members contribute fully for the achievement of organizational goals. In big organizations it plays a very important and positive role in its success however it is difficult to deal with all the activities. HRM makes the quality of work life desirable in the organization.   ROLES AND TASKS OF HR Manager HR manager plays an important role in developing and maintaining polices. HR manager should motivate employees to make them fruitful for the organization. HR manager should conduct recruitment process effectively and efficiently, so that the skillful people could hire for the organization. HR manger is responsible for increasing the skills of the employees to make their performance better. HR manager should make the standards of performance so that the employees performance can be judged. HR is responsible to make a good environment in which the employees can work effectively and efficiently. HR manager should keep aware the employees about new policies of the organization and guide them. HR manager should develop a leading edge for the effective management of the people to maintain competitive advantage. HR manager should recommend the strategic direction for employees and ensure its implementation. HR manager should co-ordinate the design, implementation and administration of human resource policies and activities to ensure the availability and effective utilization of human resources for meeting the companys objectives. An Ideal HR Manager HR managers are very important for any organization because they makes polices, develop strategies directing and coordinating human resource management. The most important responsibility of HR manager is interviewing and recruiting candidates. HR manager of MOBILINK should develop its people to work hard for higher standards. HR manager of MOBILINK have to make recruitments of best talent because humans are the basic tool for having competitive edge in the market for most of the organizations. They should analyze the performance level of the employees and if they find it below standards so they have to motivate them and give them training of developing their skills to be productive for the MOBILINK organization. HR manager have to make good relationship with different departments like marketing, operation and finance and make himself aware of new updates to to prevent miscommunication. P3:- Evaluate the role and responsibilities of line managers in human resource practices? The Different roles Responsibility of line manager Line manager plays an important role in the success of HR manager. Line manager should deliver the task and responsibilities on time to the senior management. Keep informing the management about the progress in the organization. Line manager should defend the company strategy or management strategy when talking to the work group. Clear appropriate picture to the work group to keep them informed of the rules and polices and have to look out the ways to become more efficient. Line manager should set tasks and standards for the employees. Line manager should also have to provide training and development to the employees when needed. Line manager should involve group people in decision making and to understand their needs and to motivate them. Should also provide reasons for decisions and represent the view and ideas of work force to higher authorities. Line manager should maintain the good environment. Line manager have to take the following points in mind in order to make their activit ies better.   Line manager should be a positive role model Line manager should be honest to others and help the employees and give guidance about their job. Line manager should have to speak against injustice. Line manager should be self confident. M1:- Discuss how the concepts of PM and HRM are practiced in an organization? We have selected MOBILINK as an organization. The HR mission statement of MOBILINK is given as To lead the organization in enhancing its human capital and creating a winning environment where everyone enjoys contributing to the best of ones ability. HR Practices and personnel management at Mobilink: These are few of the HR and personnel management practices Recruitment   Selection Training Development Compensation   Performance Appraisal System   Occupational Health and Safety measures   Career Planning and Development   Research and Development Reward Management Employee Relations Planning: Now after the emergence of new telecom companies in the market the market becomes more competitive and employees are less loyal to the company. Whenever they get any better opportunity than the existing one they go for that which is their right. Due to this fact MOBILINK do not have any formal strategy for succession planning. They do consider the people from inside but proper success plan is not practiced in MOBILINK these days. But now due to market trends they transformed new strategies according to the management that it is not useful to invest in the employee at a larger extent. They do develop their employees for their career planning but no formal success planning is practiced. Recruitment and Selection: In MOBILINK the requirement for the new job is communicated by the respective managers to the HR department. After that the HR department looks for the possibilities of internal and external recruitment. Internal Recruitment: In MOBILINK internal recruitment is done the higher grades like managers and directors. When there is a vacancy the HR department views the past performance of the employees working at lower levels and chooses the right one to promote him/her to that position. But if there is a vacancy for managerial position and none of the suitable employee is available with in the organization then external recruitment is carried out. EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT In external recruitment the duty of line manager is to prepare a form for the job about their need in the organization. Then the role profile of that job is dent to functional director by line manager after his approval it is forward to the HR department. HR manager confirms the availability of the budget required and the cost of the advertisement for that job. After than by forecasting budget along with job profile sent to HR director for his final approval. Line and HR manager again sit together for short listing the people and the following criteria is adopt by them. Quality of earlier schooling Extra curricular activities Marks obtained Overseas travel Age Relevant experience The HR department then issue letters to the short listed candidates along with blank application forms by time date and venue for the preliminary interview and candidates is asked to bring along completed application forms. A two-member panel of HR and line management carries out the interviews managerial functional and supervisory skills. After clearing the preliminary interviews, people apply for different jobs are tested in different ways by a panel of cross functional assessors in the case of management selection. Resource management Rational decision making Communication skills Creative thinking Business development Influencing The HR department is responsible for assessments training details o rumination packages and conditions of services. Prepare letter and finalize other documents. M2: Make an effective judgment about PM and line manager responsibilities in studied organization. HR helps LINE manager in offering them coaching creating managers role plays for meetings, and providing them toolkits to refer them. In MOBILINK Peshawar they do not have formal HR department and final recruitments are done at ISLAMABD head office. They do have informal set up for hiring internees and also perform the responsibilities of HR manager in coordination with other major departments. In MOBILINK Islamabad head office they have formal HR setups for making decisions for other regions as well. Strategies are there in MOBILINK for HR manager to provide help to LINE manager in performing their job. HR manager clarify the standards, expectations, performance goals and ask line boss for his feed back regularly. HR manager of MOBILINK look ways for line manager to get him out of jams and prevent him for making serious errors. There may be some conflicts between the priorities of HR and of line management, in this situation a manager has to work hard for identifying issues and makes alternative for addressing it. HR manager when presenting bad news, try to bundle it with good news also but be careful to avoid letting problems drag for extended periods of time waiting on good news to happen. Line managers and supervisors are responsible for enforcing and promoting the work environment of dignity. They must take every action to prevent the unsuitable behavior. Line managers and HR managers are expected to communicate clearly to their staff members about their policies of harassment, discipline etc. MOBILINK is considering having the best HR in PAKISTAN and they have retained this edge. According to the judgment the HR department of MOBILINK is achieving their desired results. They have a good relationship with the different departments like finance, marketing etc. D1: Evaluate the roles and responsibilities of HR manager and line manager in the organization as compared to their ideal role. The HR manager of MOBILINK is performing well against the ideal situation. HR manager is good in communication and makes people understand that what he is saying. Manager also has the knowledge of principles and procedure of recruitment and also effective and efficient in providing the services to customers and personnel. HR manager is a good speaker and also have the ability to recognize what the other person is saying and also have strong working relationship internally and externally. HR manager is pleasant with other employees on the job and displaying a cooperative attitude. The standard for the ideal manager are SELF MOTIVATION The person that the manager is hiring for the job has to be capable of doing work without the close supervision of the boss. Communication skills Confidence and personality plays important role in the abilities of manager to communicate. Manager should be capable of clear communication with their fellow managers customers and employees. GREAT CUSTOMER SERVICE SKILLS Manager should be excellent in dealing with clients and customers. Manager should have the skills to make the difficult customer happy. So in that way the organization can hold their customer and business can grow. CONFLICTS RESOLUTION Manager should be capable of handling conflict in the organization. Manager need to be calm and able to identify and listening issues discuss it resolve it and followed up. Its important for a follow up check to ensure there are no further problems. SETTING GOALS Manager need to focus on a specific goal and able to assign the tasks to the employees. RESPONSIBILITY Managers responsible for ensuring the tasks assignments and dead line needed to be met and hire appropriate people and handle the situation which tends to be profitable in the end. KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ORGANISATION A manager should have all the knowledge about the organization so that he/she would be capable of giving answers to their clients customers and staff members. LEADERSHIP SKILLS Managers should have strong leadership skills. Managers are the leaders in work place. Manager need to be a good speaker and assigning tasks. Manager should also be able of handling group of people and should lead the group or team in the right direction. D2: Suggest recommendations for realistic improvement against the defined Human resource is one of the most exciting and challenging departments of the organizations. People are very important in any organization. MOBILINK has a strong HR system and therefore we did not found many drawbacks in their HR practices. There are some but it can be better by little effort. RECOMMENDATIONS Following are some recommendations based upon our analysis. We observed that employees are not aware of their depth policies o the employee are lacking in the knowledge about policies which is the responsibility of HR manager to aware them. MOBILINK HR should have to monitoring and measuring employee s performance. HR lacks in terms of career planning and development so MOBILINK has to recognize this function in their policy statement. MOBILINK should have to increase in its recruitment sources so that they will not loose the potential candidates. HR manager should have to make clear communication with their lower staff which in terms makes the organization beneficial.

Ethnic differences essay Essay

?Asses the claim that â€Å"ethnic differences in educational achievement are primarily the result of school factors† Most studies found that overall ethnic minorities tend to do less well than other members of the population when it comes to educational achievement. Many factors which occur inside the school are the cause of educational achievement however other factors contribute. The expectations of teachers on ethnic minorities have caused differences in educational achievement. Bernard Coard believes that teachers expect â€Å"Black† children to fail therefore labelling the child as a failure. Interactionalists are concerned with how teachers â€Å"pigeonhole† students this is the labelling theory, this is where the teacher makes a judgement of the child based on the child’s appearance, behaviour, previous family members and relationships with other students. However most labels are based on stereotypes rather than evidence, the reality is that once a label starts it is difficult to get rid of and this can cause problems for a student’s educational achievement. Teachers will discuss the students label in the staff room and other teachers will attach the same label to the child and this can lead to the child not being allowed to attend school trips. If a student is labelled as a failure by a teacher then the teacher is likely to put the student into a lower tier exam thus the pupil can only achieve a maximum of a grade C and can’t achieve to the best of their ability. When a student is labelled as a failure the student can begin to believe that the label is true and begin to make it part of their part of their identity, become a failure this is known as the self-fulfilling prophecy thus creating ethnic differences in educational achievement within the school system. David Hardgreves argues that anti school sub cultures can be formed as a result of negative labelling. However Maureen Stone and Swann both indicate that those who are labelled may not accept their labels. However many sociologists argue that it is external factors that affect ethnic differences in educational achievement. Cultural Deprivation is the term used to describe serious inadequacies in the socialisation process and its effects on educational achievement. Poor parenting means children underachieving in education. Many sociologists argue that ethnic minorities tend to be more fatalistic meaning that parents tend to have low aspirations and expectations for their child meaning less emphasis is placed on doing well in education. Whereas â€Å"White† middle classes would have high aspirations and high expectations. Socialisation focuses on the values, expectations and norms transmitted from parents to children. Children from Ethnic backgrounds tend to focus on immediate gratification where they try to reep their rewards at the earliest opportunity such as leaving school at 16 to earn money. Whereas â€Å"White† middle class children aim for a bright future described as deferred gratification which is putting off short term rewards to gain better rewards in the future. Cultural Deprivation can affect the way parents prepare their children for school. Working class children would sit and watch T. V. whereas middle class parents would take their children to museums. Driver and Ballard state that high achievement in Asian groups may be linked to the fact that they live in close knit families that can help each other. Price highlighted a high rate of single parent families in black Caribbean communities which may explain high underachievement. Nevertheless, some sociologists argue that it is internal factors which affect ethnic differences in educational achievement. Institutional Racism within schools can lead to educational achievement and the differences it causes within ethnic minorities. The â€Å"Swann report† found that a small number of teachers are consciously racist however there are a great deal of teachers who are â€Å"unintentionally† racist. Bernard Coard states that the British educational system makes children become educationally subnormal he states that â€Å"West Indian children are told that their language is second rate and unacceptable† he states that within the British educational system the word â€Å"White† is associated with â€Å"good† and the word â€Å"Black† with evil. Coard also states that the attitudes portrayed in the classroom are reinforced by the pupils outside of the classroom. Many sociologists would also argue that the mispronunciation of student’s names and not learning them can be classed as racism within the school system. Cecile Wright found that majority of staff are committed to ideals of equality but despite these ideals there are still considerable amounts of discrimination in the classroom. Asian children were often excluded from discussions and teachers expressed an â€Å"open disapproval of their customs and traditions†, these comments from teachers made Asian children feel more isolated from other pupils. Martin Hammersley found that racist comments in the staffroom did not lead to racism in the classroom. J. Taylor found that â€Å"most teachers are concerned to have a fair policy towards the treatment of black pupils†. Mac an Ghaill studied 25 afro Caribbean and Asian students studying A levels. He found that â€Å"although they disagreed over the extent of racism within education, this did not directly determine their attitude to education and their levels of academic success. The way that students responded to schooling varied and this was influenced by their ethnic group†. This could eventually lead to the formation of anti-school sub cultures. These are pupils who have rejected some or all of the values and rules set down in the school ethos. Peter Woods identified 8 different groups ranging from Ingratiation total conformity to Rebellion outright rejection of school rules and values. This can cause ethnic differences in educational achievement within the school system. However other factors such as linguistic skills affect this achievement. Linguistic Deprivation is the ability to use appropriate language which is an important factor in educational success. Bernstein came up with two codes of language Restricted and Elaborate codes. The Restricted code is used in casual situations. This is limited vocabulary and Simplistic grammar which can only be understood if you are aware of this topic. The Elaborate code is used in formal situations. This is sophisticated grammar and vocabulary and can be understood if aware of the topic. Bernstein found that White middle class children had the ability to switch between the two codes whereas children from ethnic minorities were limited to using the restricted code. This means they are severely disadvantaged in education where the language is all formal. In conclusion, it is probable that a number of factors work together in producing the lower levels of achievement found in some ethnic groups. The Swann report concluded that racial discrimination inside and outside school along with social deprivation were probably the main factors. Others would add that cultural factors also play some part in explaining the differences.